Design and Implementation of Hybrid Structure for Energy Conversion Solar Cell

Antireflection coatings improve light absorption in photovoltaic cells. This study explores new nanocomposite coatings for silicon solar cells using carbon nanotubes (CNTs), polyvinyl (PVA), titanium oxide (TiO2), and zinc oxide (ZnO). Two configurations were tested: single-layer CNT-PVA and hybrid TiO2-ZnO-CNT-PVA. Simulations indicated optimal performance at varying CNT concentrations and thicknesses, with the best results at 0.01% CNT and 70nm thickness. Short circuit current densities increased for hybrid coatings, achieving up to 50.457 mA/cm² and an efficiency of 23.126%. Experimental results aligned with simulations, confirming that Hybrid 1L offered enhanced performance compared to single layers. Nanoindentation revealed greater mechanical robustness in hybrid coatings, showcasing hardness and elastic modulus improvements. The study's novelty lies in the comprehensive comparison of these nanocomposite structures, establishing Hybrid 1L as superior while highlighting Hybrid 2L’s potential for future development.